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READ MORE: Catalonia's independence push branded a coup d’état, READ MORE: Catalan trial: UN working group demands release of prisoners. And during the recent election campaign for the Spanish Basque parliament, French activists like Camila Zubeldia pitched in to help the Euskal Herritarrok party, considered ETA's political wing. An office next door campaigns for Basque political prisoners, allegedly tortured in Spanish jails. Just around the corner are the recently opened local headquarters of two Basque independence movements. If the Basques and/or Catalans obtained independence from Spain, it is very likely that their conationals on the French side would follow them. Putting an end to the era of ETA with no possible turning back and strengthening its privileged economic position with regards to the rest of Spain's autonomous communities. But extracts of a government anti-terrorist report, published in the daily Le Figaro in March, found the number of ETA operations in France had doubled -- from 17 in 1998 to 34 in 2000. The conflicts on Corsica and in the Basque country are evidence that they are. The book unveils the background and development of both conflicts within the structured framework of a comparative analysis. The Basque Country is . Basque Nationalism and Political Violence: The Ideological ... Carlos, the protagonist of Bernardo Atxaga's novel The Lone Man, thought he had left behind his old life as an activist in ETA, the Basque Independence Movement, when he went straight and bought a hotel in Barcelona. Pro-independence activist and former prisoner  Berastegi was called out to do a building job in Irunberri, near Irunea/Pamplona, on 17 July, then kidnapped by 10 armed and masked men, who beat him and asphyxiated him with a plastic bag while asking him to collaborate with them or face jail if he didn’t.These cases are part of an escalating pattern of illegal kidnappings, detentions and torture by Spanish police and intelligence agents and bring back dark memories of the dirty war tactics of the 1970s and 1980s.Francoists had waged a dirty war of state-sponsored death squad attacks against ETA and pro-independence activists from 1975-1982, believed to be responsible for killing at least 47 people. In Democracy Reloaded, Cristina Flesher Fominaya tells the story of one of the most influential social movements of recent times: Spain's "Indignados" or "15-M" movement that took to the streets of Spain on May 15, 2011 with the rallying ... A work of nearly unbearable suspense, Homeland is a searing examination of truth, reconciliation, and coming to terms with history. and by dividing the traditional Basque provinces, etc. ETA was the most notable group who wanted independence—it bombed several places in Spain between the 1960s and the early 2000s. ETA: Spain violated free speech rights of Basque ... GUERNICA - Basque Country Travel Guide | Eusko Guide We are also working with the Catalan and Basque independence movements - and people across Europe - who want to bring about a democratic alternative to the failed political and economic status quo. The movement was built around the separatist organization ETA which since 1959 launched a campaign of attacks against . r/CrusaderKings. Engage in courtly intrigue, dynastic struggles, and holy warfare in . But Etcheverry points to years of separatist violence in Corsica, which has led the French parliament to debate legislation granting the Mediterranean island limited autonomy. Basque Political Systems "The Basque country was entering into a . Then in high school, she registered for night classes. We have decided to make the ability to comment only available to our 12,000 paying subscribers. The volume is one of the first to focus comparatively on the rise of pro-sovereignty politics in mainstream nationalist parties, whose evolution has also featured more traditional impulses towards territorial accommodation within the wider ... In any case, we defend the right of self-determination of the Basque and Catalan Northern provinces. This volume offers an overview of the ongoing debate regarding nationalism, globalisation, secessionism and languages in 21st century Catalonia. In a statement bearing the organisation's seal and initials, the group . The Basques and Catalans have a combined population of 11 million people – almost the same as Scotland, the whole of Ireland and Wales. And that signals an important advance in Spain’s constitutional deadlock. "All the elements of the (Spanish Basque) nationalistic movement have made efforts to develop their roots in France in recent years," said Professor Jean- David Chaussier, a specialist in Basque politics at the University of Bayonne. 2001-06-08 04:00:00 PDT Bayonne, France -- The Guernika Bar, named after the famously intransigent Basque town demolished during the Spanish Civil War, offers a fine view of this city's stately medieval castle. Endgame for ETA: Elusive Peace in the Basque Country A massive protest was held on October 17 in Donostia/San Sebastian in the Basque Country to protest against the Spanish government's new wave of arrests against the Basque pro-independence and labour movement. Basque, Spanish Vasco, or Vascongado, Basque Euskaldunak, or Euskotarak, member of a people who live in both Spain and France in areas bordering the Bay of Biscay and encompassing the western foothills of the Pyrenees Mountains. Based in the inland town of Arrasate, it started as an industrial co-operative in 1956, staffed by workers educated in a technical college set up after the Civil War by a local priest. It analyses the dynamics of discourses and policies in Spain before, during and after peak times of identity politics to provide a more nuanced understanding of the conditions leading to the activation of . When Scotland succeeds in becoming a new member of the EU, our arrival could have a positive impact on the fortunes of Catalonia and the Basque Country. The harsh legal crackdown last year in Catalonia underlined the broad authority Madrid has to stamp out any full-fledged independence movement in order to keep Spain intact.. One example is Errenteria, a town near San Sebastian with the highest number of deaths from ETA and state violence where councillors from each political party – including the pro-Franco PP – are sitting together in a reconciliation forum to share experiences and support one another. Punitive measures and criminalisation from the Spanish authorities will not advance these goals.”The latest arrests are part of the Spanish Government’s ongoing campaign of repression against political, social, labour and cultural organisations in favour of self-determination for the Basque Country.The central thesis of this criminalisation campaign, as formulated by Judge Garzon, is that “everything that surrounds ETA is ETA” – that is, any group or individual that shares ETA’s general goal of Basque independence, regardless of what methods they use, is part of ETA.This process has often been led by politicians and the media but is given a ‘democratic’ cover and institutionalised by the Spanish courts through a series of judicial rulings initiated by Garzon in 1998 (called the “18/98 macro proceedings”). The Basque independence movement had two, if you like, complementary aims. The next event being organised is a protest outside the Laganside court in Belfast when Iñaki de Juana's hearing begins in November. "We're fighting for an ideal world," said Zubeldia, a sophomore in Basque studies at the University of Bayonne. Support has come from across Europe, including the Catalan and Basque independence movements . They were detained and accused of belonging to ETA, the armed Basque organisation that struggles for independence - 17 were incarcerated, while the rest are awaiting trial. Question: Can you describe the methods being used . An Analysis of the Basque Independence Movement and the Political Position of the Basque Country Within the Spanish State Ariel Bothen University of Maine - Main Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/honors Part of the Anthropology Commons, Basque Studies Commons, and the Political Science Commons BY EMMA CLANCYA MASSIVE PROTEST was held on Saturday 17 October in Donostia/San Sebastian in the Basque Country to protest against the Spanish Government’s new wave of arrests against the Basque pro-independence and labour movement.On Tuesday 13 October, 10 prominent activists, including Batasuna leader Arnaldo Otegi and former general secretary of the left-wing LAB trade union Rafa Diez, were arrested and accused of trying to “reorganise the leadership” of the Basque left-nationalist movement. According to historian Mark Kurlansky: “The few hundred years of European nation states are only a small part of the Basque story. It is important that we continue to promote these adverts as our local businesses need as much support as possible during these challenging times. "We've been attacked and criminalized for years," said Mixel Etcheverry, director of Seaska, a Basque schooling program in France. The Lone Man. But the independence movement in Basque Country, a prosperous northern region of 2 million people, is unlikely to even get that far. "They are a mythical people, almost an imagined people," writes Mark Kurlansky. This article builds on recent attempts to explain divergent uses of sub-state nationalism to push for policies of assimilation or multiculturalism and drive popular support for independence. And the government of Spain's Basque autonomous region -- which favors establishing an independent Basque nation through peaceful means -- has showered funding on books and teachers in a fledgling effort to revive the Basque language in France. Basque nationalists from the "Independence" movement want to secede from Spain to protect their culture. During municipal elections in March, AB captured 11.5 percent of the regional vote, up from 9 percent five years ago. This book explores how an accumulation of long-, medium- and short-term factors have produced the current situation and why the Spanish territorial model has been unable or possibly, unwilling, to respond. In Navarre, 1% of the Basque population, was killed by Franco-supporting neighbours and the bodies of more than 3500 teachers, trade unionists, councillors, mayors, men, women, and some children, have been dug out of ditches and pits. Both modern movements were also formed and cultivated by prominent nationalist leaders. Follow the path of ancient pilgrimage routes on a journey from the Basque capital of Bilbao and Hemingway's beloved Pamplona to legendary Santiago de Compostela and find out why 88% of travelers rated this trip excellent88% of travelers rated this trip excellent On the other side of the Iberian peninsula, the Basque independence movement may be kicking up again on Spain's Northern . mong the world's nationalist independence movements, Spain's Basque Country and Catalonia cases offer stark contrasts on the evolution of independence campaigns within a nation-state. The release of convicted Basque nationalist Arnaldo Otegi reignites dreams of independence amid political turmoil in the Spanish capital. In 1936, the provinces of Bizkaia and Gipuzkoa remained loyal to the Republic while inland and deeply traditional Navarre and Araba sided with Franco. About 35 people of all ages took part in a sponsored walk of Belfast's Black Mountain on Saturday 17 October to raise funds and awareness for the Don't Extradite the Basques Campaign. The Abertzaleen Batasuna, or AB party, is the largest of these fledgling French movements. Easter inspiration to Basque nationalists. 4 It was at this time that the inspirational Basque independence leader and writer, Sabino Arana, known as the father of Basque nationalism, and the defender of the use of the Basque language, founded the Basque Nationalist Party (PNV). In 1936, the provinces of Bizkaia and Gipuzkoa remained loyal to the Republic while inland and deeply traditional Navarre and Araba sided with Franco. This volume examines the volatile nature and complex dynamics of national movements and ethnic conflict around the world. Partly due to the terrain of the Pyrenees, the Basques were never defeated by the invading Moors, Visigoths, Normans, or Franks. For many decades (going as far back as the late 19th century) the Basque Country maintained a strong independence movement in hopes of separating from Spain. When Castilian (Spanish) forces finally conquered the Basque territory in the 1500s, the Basques were first given a great amount of autonomy. II was a joint ticket of Spanish left-wing parties and several national pro-independence movements within the Spanish state, with world-renowned Spanish playwright Alfonso Sastre (83) the platform’s main candidate.The Supreme Court overturned the ban on appeal before the poll took place but several serious cases of electoral fraud were documented, in particular missing ballots, leading the II to say that there was a very real possibility that a rightful seat in the European Parliament was denied them. Promoting Euskera is also dicey. More unsettling contacts are also budding. Actually, ETA is a most complex organization, and there seem to be in fact "many" ETA's, Critics argue Euskera initiatives hide dangerous. The two Basque communities in Spain are run by separate governments – largely as a result of different histories and loyalties during the civil war. Some believe the violent years of ETA acted as internal “glue” for the Spanish state and slowed progress in Catalonia. We’ve got the most informed readers in Scotland, asking each other the big questions. This book examines secessionist terrorism in a comparative context across Europe and Eurasia. Almandoz -- a former Basque pro-independence politician -- had given a speech in December 2008 at an unauthorised event honouring José Miguel Beñaran Ordeñana. On 2 October, Gara revealed that, according to trusted sources, Anza was kidnapped by the Spanish police from the train to Toulouse and taken for interrogation. Scheinin said the law defined ‘terrorism’ so vaguely that it “might be interpreted to include any political party which through peaceful political means seeks similar political objectives” as those pursued by armed organisations.Similarly, the Special Rapporteur stated that the law against “glorifying terrorism” “should include the requirements of an intent to incite the commission of a terrorist offence, as well as the existence of an actual risk that such an offence will be committed as a consequence”.

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