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In 1913 Serbs (along with the Montenegrins) invaded Kosovo killing people and destroying infrastructure. Yet, Ahtisaari (2007) claims that independence is the only viable solution to the Kosovo crisis, a view that serves as the rational behind his Comprehensive Proposal. The first argument concerns the principle of national self-determination and it will be contended that the principle cannot be used to justify independence for Kosovo. In terms of the framework of democracy, it has been contended that the liberal argument in favour of national self-determination fails to acknowledge the heterogeneous character of many societies with secessionist movements. And in line with Horowitz’s (1998:13-14) claim above, Pristina will not accept partition of what it considers to be its territory (International Crisis Group, Executive Summary, 2010). PRISTINA, Kosovo (AP) — Kosovo's health authorities are trying a new technique to persuade people to get the COVID-19 vaccine — cooperating with the Muslim community at Friday prayers. Self-Determination and Secession in the 21st  Century’, The International Journal of Human Rights, 15 (6), pp.926-947, Judah, T (2006) ‘Kosovo’s Moment of Truth’, Survival: Global Politics and Strategy, 47 (4), pp.73-84, Kuci, H (2005) ‘The Legal and Political Grounds for, and the Influence of the Actual Situation on, the Demands of the Albanians of Kosovo for Dependence’, Chicago-Kent Law Review, pp.331-351, Kupchan, C.A (2005) ‘Independence for Kosovo’, Foreign Affairs, 84 (6), Moore, M (1998) ‘Orphans of Secession’: National Pluralism in Secessionist Regions and Post-Secession States,’ In Margaret Moore, National Self-Determination and Secession, Oxford Scholarship Online, Muharremi, R (2008) ‘Kosovo’s Declaration of Independence: Self-Determination and Sovereignty Revisited’, Review of Central and East European Law, Vol.33, pp.401-435, Muharremi, R (2010) ‘A Note on the ICJ Advisory Opinion on Kosovo’, German Law Journal, Vol. If we accept such self-serving and irresponsible arguments in one case, the whole of Europe is gone. Usman Ferzauli, the man who styles himself the Foreign Minister of Chechnya, has just, helpfully, backed Kosovo's declaration. 4. It will be argued that there is no legal basis by looking at legal documents specific to the situation in Kosovo as well as the broader international legal framework. Discrimination against Kosovo Serbs is widespread and there have been cases of ethnic violence, for instance during the Albanian riot in 2004 when many Kosovo Serbs were attacked and forced to flee (Kupchan, 2005). Kosovo and Serbia is like bad marriage or an influenced or marriage without a will. " Based on a true story, Alice Mead's stark, affecting novel about a place and conflict she knows well will help young readers understand the war in Kosovo. Serbia is just a Small country . This essay argues against independence for Kosovo and will support this thesis with two central arguments. Why Kosovo's Independence is Necessary | Crisis Group Why Catalonia does not deserve to be independent ... Rama for Euronews Serbia: Kosovo should see to the future ... The war started and Albanians accused Serbs for genocide (what killing a man with riffle in his hands is considered genocide?!? Reports 2010, In Serbia News (2013) ‘Serbian President Tomislav Nikolic – Serbia Will Never Recognize Kosovo’, Retrieved July 27, 2013, http://inserbia.info/news/2013/07/serbian-president-tomislav-nikolic-serbia-will-never- recognize-kosovo/, International Crisis Group (2010) ‘Kosovo and Serbia after the ICJ Opinion’, Crisis Group Europe Report, N°206, Jaber, T (2010) ‘A Case for Kosovo? Lets follow America example with Mexico. How Israel justifies sudden recognition of Kosovo that has ... It is vital to consider the consequences of a world order where every minority group seeking self- determination would have the right to an own nation-state. This paper will begin with a brief background of the Kosovo crisis. In part it reflects each government's differing sense of whether the ethnic Albanians, now Kosovans, were primarily the victims of the Serbs in the war a decade ago. Following the NATO intervention, a UN administration was established by UN Security Council Resolution 1244 (1999) and Kosovo has since then remained an internationally administered territory with the UN in control over its legislative, judicial and executive powers (Bing Jia, 2009:29-31). Following 1912 after Albanians independence Kosovo was still a territory of Albania yet in 1913 following the Treaty of London the province was given to Serbia as a means of appeasing Russia. Rather, the Resolution only sought to establish a temporary regime in order to initiate a long-term political process (ICJ Advisory Opinion, 2010: paragraph 114). Kosovo should seek greater political, security and economic integration with its partners pending a deal. The Limits of Air Power: The American Bombing of North Vietnam Yet, this argument rests on a maximalist version of national self-determination and has received sharp criticism for neglecting the heterogeneous character of secessionist regions (Moore, 1998:3). Found inside – Page 268The acquisition of independence should not be considered as a point of arrival but as a starting point: ... If Montenegro has been given the chance of becoming independent from Serbia, why should Kosovo not enjoy the same right? 23. If the discussion only evolves around the specific case of Kosovo, this important dimension of the issue would be ignored. In the second section, it will be argued that independence does not constitute a viable solution due to the gravity of the negative consequences that could follow from secession in terms of negative implications for minority groups, the security situation as well as prospects for democracy. This conclusion is based on two central observations. You have a lot of youtube interview of those Serbian police officers who talked about it, But nobody wants to hear it. "We do not recognise the 'independence' of Kosovo, and, accordingly, the regional 'government' and other 'agencies.' For us, no 'decisions' of Pristina have legal force. Whither Kosovo?: The Question of Independence No, It is property of Serbia, And if SERBIA doesn't hold a vote to make it independant it should not, And will not, Just like catelonia is not independant because Spain says so. Furthermore, the 8% Serbian minority in Kosovo has no legal right to call Kosovo a part of Serbia, since Serbia colonized and annexed Kosovo by genocide and military force. Therefore, Kosovo should become independent in order to build a democratic future of a responsible government and a future of economic development. Theeconomy almost does not exist and the present Kosovo is incapable of standing on its feet. This book is trying to shed a light on those two crucil elements - the international community policy and Kosovo's economy. Although the Proposal contains a comprehensive roadmap for power-sharing and offers an extensive amount of self-rule to the Serb minority, is still rests on a fallacy: Ahtisaari's (2007) argument that Kosovo should be independent since Albanians would not accept unification with Serbia could just as easily be applied to the Kosovo Serbs who . Contested Statehood: Kosovo's Struggle for Independence Thus, independence would most likely lead to an aggravated relation between Kosovo Serbs and Kosovo Albanians and further increase the polarisation between the two groups, a polarisation which already is severe: most Kosovo Serbs live isolated from Kosovo-Albanians in enclaves and most of them have boycotted the government institutions in Kosovo set up by the UN (Judah, 2006:75). Peacekeeping in Albania and Kosovo: Conflict Response and ... This argument finds support in Etzioni’s (1992-1995:21-32) article. Coming from the Ukraine and Poland. Remedial secession could be regarded as a last resort for minority groups if their fundamental rights are being violated or if their existence as a group is endangered (Weller, 2009:275; Crawford, 1997). Found inside – Page 425It would be naive to believe that an independent Kosovo would solve the Albanian question and stabilize the Balkans , not only because the Albanian question in Macedonia would remain open , but because in that case Macedonia could lose ... "Kosovo is not better than us," Yasser Abed Rabbo, a senior Palestinian negotiator, said in 2008. Kosovar Albanians started to engage in demonstrations: a campaign for self- determination that remained non-violent and passive during the first years of the disintegration of Yugoslavia (Youngs & Dodd, 1998:10-18). Chapter Four: Possible Consequences of Unilateral Secession. The increased nationalism in Bosnia-Hercegovina and Macedonia is worrisome and could develop into separatism and destabilisation if Kosovo became independent. Kosovo is the heart of Serbia since their country and faith was founded there. The 2008 Kosovo declaration of independence was adopted at a meeting held on 17 February 2008 by 109 out of the 120 members of the Assembly of Kosovo, including the Prime Minister of Kosovo and by the President of Kosovo (who was not a member of the Assembly). History, myth, and the destruction of Yugoslavia. 3, pp.509-536, Babuna, A (2010) ‘The Albanians of Kosovo and Macedonia: Ethnic Identity Superseding Religion’, Nationalities Papers, The Journal of Nationalism and Ethnicity, 28 (1), pp.67-92, Bardos, G.N (2008) ‘The Regional and International Implications of Kosovo Independence’, Mediterranean Quarterly, 19 (4), pp.54-67, Bieber, F and Daskalovski, Z (2003) Understanding the War in Kosovo (Frank Cass Publishers, London), Bing Jia, B (2009) ‘The Independence of Kosovo: A Unique Case of Secession?’, Chinese Journal of International Law, 8 (1), pp.27-46, Bose, S (2008) ‘Kosovo to Kashmir: the Self-Determination Dilemma’, OpenDemocracy, 22 May 2008, Retrieved July 29, 2013, http://www.opendemocracy.net/article/kosovo-to-kashmir-autonomy-secession-and- democracy, Charter of the United Nations and the Statute of the International Court of Justice (1945), San Francisco, Crawford, J (1997) ‘State Practice and International Law in Relation to Unilateral Secession’, Report to Government of Canada concerning unilateral secession by Quebec, University of Cambridge, Darin Hagan, M (2009) ‘The Transnational Ethnic Activism of Vojvodina Hungarians’, Nationalities Papers, 37 (5), pp.613-640, Etzioni, A (1992-1993) ‘The Evils of Self-Determination’, Foreign Policy, No.89, pp.21-35, Evans, G & Need, A (2002) ‘Explaining Ethnic Polarization Over Attitudes Towards Minority Rights in Eastern Europe: a Multilevel Analysis’, Social Science Research, Vol.31, pp.653-680, Gallucci, G (2010) ‘Kosovo – the Alternatives for the North’, TransConflict, Retrieved July 29, 2013, http://www.transconflict.com/2010/11/kosovo-the-alternatives-for-the-north-231/, General Assembly Resolution 1514 (XV), Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and People (1960), UN Yearbook, 40, Horowitz, D (1998) ‘Self-Determination, Politics, Philosophy, and Law’, In Margaret Moore, In Margaret Moore, National Self-Determination and Secession, Oxford Scholarship Online, ICJ (2010) ‘Advisory Opinion on the Accordance with International Law of Unilateral Declaration of Independence in Respect of Kosovo’, I.C.J. Over 3000 Albanian Catholics were converted to Serbian Orthodoxy (thus losing their Albanian background). It will thereafter move on to the analytical section of this essay, which consists of two subsections. It was felt that in independent Kosovo, that danger would increase significantly and be coupled with political danger, and maybe even violence. In part it reflects convictions about the solutions to intractable foreign relations problems. Considering the empirical evidence provided above in terms of the decreasing pluralism and tolerance in many breakaway states, this fear is justified. Then after the USA and NATO atack took the forces right back in to Claim and Capture Kosovo. For example the current president Hashim Thaçi who was a former leader of UÇK (Albanian guerrilla/terrorist group) that were guilty of killing thousands of Serbs and burning down around 150 orthodox churches /monasteries. The fact that Kosovo is placed under temporary United Nations administration is primarily a contextual circumstance and similar claims could be made for other secessionist movements based on the circumstances that concern their situation. Kupchan (2005) recognises that a partition of Kosovo along ethnic dimension might lead to other partition movements in the Balkan region but claims that this solution still might be necessary in order to solve the Kosovo crisis peacefully. Ergo the Serbians have little ties with the land of Kosovo even though they have tried to forge one there obviously isn't. A Support for National Self-Determination in International Law? . It was always a part of another country (mostly Serbia and Ottoman Turkey). Offering fresh insight into debates about contested territory, the problem of minorities, and the place of secession in resolving national conflicts, this volume provides a much-needed philosophical discussion of the normative implications ... I am aware that in Serbia, which in fact is the only country opposing Kosovo's independence, there is a completely different approach, and that other entirely different argument are in play. In Liberating Kosovo, David Phillips offers a compelling account of the negotiations and military actions that culminated in Kosovo's independence. All parties should seek agreement on mutual recognition, with EU states signalling that they will support any deal consistent with human rights and international law. These examples demonstrate the complexity of pluralist societies, a complexity that a liberal version of democracy fails to address. An increased ethnification of Serbia is another risk that would follow from national self- determination for Kosovo since it might lead to a radicalisation of the political climate and increase the likelihood of a parliamentary victory for the Radicals in Serbia, a development that would pose a threat against the democratisation process in the country (Altmann, 2006:150). Some countries, like Spain or Israel, avoid recognizing it becau. Kosovo exists only because the USA wants it to exist, literally no other reason, and I never understood why USA needs Kosovo, likewise I never understood why USA created the Al-qaeda, ISIS and others. One concrete example of the discrepancy between the Comprehensive Proposal and the reality on the ground is the question of the Serbian churches, monasteries and other religious sites in Kosovo. They regard Kosovo as the heart of its state since medieval times, even though 90 per cent of its population is of a different ethnicity. E-IR is an independent non-profit publisher run by an all volunteer team. If we used that argument shouldn't we just give London to (Insert Muslim Country)? This theory is controversial and has received criticism, for example for being too much of a top-down approach (Andeweg, 2000:509-520). The Big Question: Why are so many countries opposed to Kosovo gaining, 5% off selected room stays - Travelodge discount code, £110 off selected bookings over £800 - TUI voucher code for app orders, Family memberships from just £78 a year at National Trust, 20% or more off bed & breakfast stays around the UK. None are Serb (or Russian or Chinese) allies, and Romania even allowed NATO to use its airspace during the 1999 bombing campaign (even though Romania was not at the time a NATO member). It's seen as a holy region by Serbs. 3.1. Yet, the fact that the ICJ claimed that the declaration did not violate international law does not indirectly imply that the Court recognised that Kosovo had a right to separate from Serbia. In terms of legal documents specifically about Kosovo, the discussion will centre around the Advisory Opinion on Kosovo delivered by the International Court of Justice (ICJ) and Security Council Resolution 1244, which established the international administration of Kosovo. At least in theory, it could serve as a framework for a future co-existence of Serbs and Albanians in a Serbian state. Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. The principle of national self- determination has served as a justification for numerous political, and often very violent, struggles (Tilly, 1993:30-31), many of which are still ongoing such as the protracted Israeli- Palestinian conflict. But in the Balkan war Kosovar 120,000 was killed by Serbs and over 700,000 sent to turkey In WW2 Albanian was taken over by Italy and Germany. Responsibility to Protect: Research, bibliography, background. Supplementary volume to the Report of the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty The story of men who are hurting—and hurting America by their absence Man Out describes the millions of men on the sidelines of life in the United States. Every ethnic group simply cannot find expression in a nation-state if a relatively efficient, although not perfect, world order is to be maintained. Europe is increasingly wary of the Slavic Bear. If an independent state of Palestine should only be recognised with Israel's approval, then why did the US recognise the independence of Kosovo in 2008, over the objections of Serbia? Let them live their life freely without terrorist and Albanian conquistadors. Within the broader international legal framework, the only clear exception to the principle of sovereignty is national self-determination for colonial people and is therefore not applicable to Kosovo. This paper has argued against independence for Kosovo and has based this argument on two major themes: the principle of national self-determination and possible consequences of a unilateral secession. With this fact you cannot go further a denied the existence of the country with 2 million habitants. . Serbian President Tomislav Nikolic recently stated that Serbia will continue to consider Kosovo as an autonomous province and that Serbia will never recognise its independence (In Serbia News, 2013). Why does not USA help the Russians with Chechens? Serbia has lost Kosovo in 1999 : Why impose independence as the "only" solution for Kosovo? The book goes to the heart of the border and boundary regions and mixed areas on the periphery to tell the stories of those caught up on the front lines of conflict. The United States has today formally recognized Kosovo as a sovereign and independent state. So Kosovo should become independent, but not within its present borders.

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