islamic culture notes pdf

RISE AND EXPANSION OF ISLAM • Learning centers, e.g., Baghdad, Toledo, Seville – for Muslims and non-Muslims. C. Muslims follow the Five Pillars of Islam: faith in one God, prayer, charity, fasting, and making a pilgrimage to Mecca. • The Abbasid Caliphate (750-1258 C.E.) Science and technology in Medieval Islam What is Islam? It dominated over all aspects of Muslim D. Islam rapidly spread through the Middle East, North Africa, and Spain. Islam absorbed and added its culture to the heritage of Greece, Rome, Judaism, Christianity and the Near East. Islam is a universal religion which is practiced in almost all countries around the world. Islam’s Five Pillars of Worship and Five Pillars of Faith provide the supports of a Muslim’s daily spiritual life. Culture has been defined as “the totality of socially transmitted behaviour patterns, arts, beliefs, institutions, and all other products of human work and thought characteristic of a community or a population. Understanding Islam begins with looking at the basic beliefs (Five Pillars of Faith) and required rituals (Five Pillars of Worship) of Muslims as well as the different Islamic sects that Muslims may belong to. • Islamic civilization dominated the world of science and learning for nearly 600 years. ‘Islam’ is an Arabic word which means ‘submission to God’. Wherever the Arabs went, they took Islam and the Arabic language with them. The Arabic language, the religion of Islam, and many other aspects of Muslim culture became part of Africa. • Islamic family law, which addresses marriage, divorce, child custody, and inheritance, has long been a target for reform. Islamic values, behave as khalīfatullāh fī al-ar(vicegerent of Allāh on earth),14to serve as witnesses to truth and noble conducts.15 In Islam, “the concept of knowledge enjoyed such a central place in society unparalleled in other civilizations. It records the teachings of Mohammed. Muhammad believed that he was a messenger sent by God to teach people the right way to live. However, Islamic family law as variously manifested in Muslim nations poses obstacles to women’s equality. Arabic was necessary to be able to read the Quran, Islam’s holy book. Islamic Culture … – the “golden age of Islamic civilization”. live or die according to God's will, not human intervention, Muslim hospitals pioneered the practices of diagnosis, cure, and future prevention. Of course, these minorities were required to recognise Islamic political rule, pay taxes and refrain from conspiracies against the Muslims. Muslim states provide for equal rights between women and men. Muslims respected religious minorities within the areas they conquered. Islam is a religion that began in the 7th century with the prophet Muhammad in Mecca. Although all […] The Quran (Koran) is the sacred book of Islam. Daily Lecture Notes 10-3 The Spread of Christian Ideas 88 Chapter 11: Islamic Civilization Daily Lecture Notes 11-1 The Rise of Islam 91 Daily Lecture Notes 11-2 Islamic Empires 94 Daily Lecture Notes 11-3 Muslim Ways of Life 97 Unit 4: The Middle Ages Chapter 12: China in the Middle Ages Daily Lecture Notes 12-1 China Reunites 100 culture. A follower of Islam is called a Muslim. and Muslim rule in Spain (755-1492 C.E.) As Islam places responsibility on the individual to practice his or her religion, there are personal and cultural variations that make it difficult to provide definitive rules and regulations that apply to all Muslim The first hospital in the Islamic world was built in Damascus in 707 CE, and soon most major Islamic cities had hospitals, in which hygiene was emphasized and healing was a … Obstacles to women islamic culture notes pdf s equality golden age of Islamic civilization dominated the world and! 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