kashmir earthquake 2005 plate boundary

The recent earthquake of 8 October 2005 in the Muzaffarabad region in western Himalaya destroyed several parts of Pakistan and the north Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir. The 2005 Kashmir earthquake displaced more than three million people, primarily affecting residents in the Kashmir region. A converging boundary is when two plates move closer together. (Photograph ©2005, Robert Yeats.) It is two continental plates colliding so it is a Continental Convergent boundary and is how the Himalayan mountains were born. A build up of pressure on this fault caused a sudden slip which resulted in the earthquake. The 2005 Kashmir earthquake in Pakistan occurred on a previouslymapped active fault around the northwest margin of the Indo-Asiancollision zone. Let your librarian know about the award-winning gateway to the most trustworthy and accurate scientific information. Kashmir earthquake of 2005, disastrous earthquake that occurred on October 8, 2005, in the Pakistan-administered portion of the Kashmir region known as Azad Kashmir and the North-West Frontier Province of Pakistan. The earthquake was located on the plate boundary between the Indo-Australian plate and the Eurasian plate at a depth of 10km. Its tremors were felt in a radius of over 1000 km with damages taking place in an https://doi.org/10.1036/1097-8542.YB080690, Additional credits and copyright information, Tectonics of earthquakes surrounding the Indian plate and within the Indian subcontinent. / Why the Kashmir earthquake happened and what might be done. Consequently, the accumulated elastic strain around the complex northwestern margin of the Indo-Asian collision zone has not been signifi cantly released by the 2005 earthquake. Additional credits and copyright information. Huge scars ran along the surface of the fault for 75 kilometres (km) and, … Both the MKT and the MMT turn eastward in the Hazara-Kashmir syntaxial bend near the the Main Boundary Thrust (MBT), the region of major tectonic plate collision. MORE THAN 8700 articles covering all major scientific disciplines and encompassing the McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science & Technology and McGraw-Hill Yearbook of Science & Technology, 115,000-PLUS definitions from the McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 3000 biographies of notable scientific figures, MORE THAN 19,000 downloadable images and animations illustrating key topics, ENGAGING VIDEOS highlighting the life and work of award-winning scientists, SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER STUDY and additional readings to guide students to deeper understanding and research, LINKS TO CITABLE LITERATURE help students expand their knowledge using primary sources of information. Damage from the 2005 Kashmir earthquake. To the west-southwest, the submarine plate boundary consists of a simple oceanic fracture zone between the Indian plate and the Arabian plate, and to the southeast an oceanic apron of heavier rocks dives obliquely beneath southeast Asia and the modest Andaman plate (Fig. The Kashmir earthquake was devastating for a number of reasons. The Jhelum River and its upper tributaries, including the Punch River, have cut deeply incised and terraced valleys through these mountain ranges; the Jhelum also constitutes most of the western boundary of Azad Kashmir. DISCLAIMER: This article is being kept online for historical purposes. Kashmir Earthquake 2005 Involved tectonic plates Collision boundary between the Eurasian and Indian tectonic plate: The damage of the earthquake Collisional boundery/Convergent Plate boundary: Two plates are moving towards each other. Being part of the western Himalayas, its position on a converging plate boundary makes this region particularly prone to earthquakes. Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Bangalore, India. It left 138,000 injured and 3.5 million people displaced. The source of the 8 October 2005 earthquake of M 7.6 was the northwest-striking Balakot–Bagh (B–B) fault, which had been mapped by the Geological Survey of Pakistan prior to the earthquake but had not been recognized as active except for a 16-km section near Muzaffarabad. 25 2 Study Area Within the area affected by the 2005 Kashmir earthquake, we selected an area of approximately 40 x 40 km around the city of Muzaffarabad (Fig 1). In December 2004, almost the entire southeast plate boundary ruptured in a 1600-km-long magnitude 9.2 earthquake, creating giant tsunamis that struck the Indian ocean shores and killed more than 300,000 people, raising the fatality count of the three twenty-first century Indian earthquakes far above the total of all historical events. The well-known and recent earthquake of Kashmir occurred at 03:50 GMT (08:50 local time), on the morning of Saturday the 8th of October, 2005. The largest of India’s earthquakes, however, occur on the northern boundary of the Indian plate where it descends beneath southern Tibet (Bilham and Ambraseys, 2005). The October 8, 2005 Kashmir earthquake was the second major event with moment magnitude (Mw) ∼7.6 within 5 years to have rocked the west Indian continent and the third since 1935. Contributors include more than 10,000 highly qualified scientists and 46 Nobel Prize winners. What happened? More than 32,000 buildings collapsed, due both to the severity of the earthquake and the poor construction of the area. Privacy Notice. The October 8, 2005 earthquake occurred near this active seismic zone in Northern Pakistan, in the Himalayan foothills. Gaur, Vinod K. Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Bangalore, India. Many earthquakes happen in the region in and around the Himalayan Mountains. The 2005 meizoseismal area is also A build up of pressure on this fault caused a sudden slip which resulted in the earthquake. The earthquake was located on the plate boundary between the Indo-Australian plate and the Eurasian plate at a depth of 10km. Create your own unique website with customizable templates. The page may contain broken links or outdated information. You may already have access to this content. If a 9.0 earthquake were to occur in Kashmir, he estimates the rupture would extend from the 2005 earthquake zone near Muzafferabad, Pakistan, to the Kangra 1905 earthquake zone in northern India—a distance of about 480 kilometers (300 miles)—and from the Zanskar Range to south of the Pir Panjal range—a distance of about 190 kilometers (120 miles). The 2005 Kashmir, India, earthquake is responsible for about 20,000 deaths, with many more people injured or made homeless (Figure below). The BBC's Shahzeb Jillani was among … To address the quantitative contribution ofthe earthquake to plate convergence, we performed paleoseismologicaltrench excavations at Nisar Camp site near Muzaffarabad acrossthe middle section of the 2005 surface rupture. Though accurate at last review, it is no longer being updated. To the north, the collision results in massive thrust earthquakes along the Himalayas as India slides beneath Tibet. On October 8 2005, a magnitude 7.6 earthquake struck Pakistan-controlled-Kashmir, killing at least 100,000. The 8 October 2005 Kashmir earthquake occurred on the Muzaffarabad fault where the Indian plate subducts under the Eurasian plate and is moving northward at a rate of about 40 mm/a. All rights reserved. Your IP information is Impact on the landscape There were large cracks in the ground surface. In 2005 a strong earthquake devastated the administrative centre of Muzaffarabad and surrounding regions. In December 2004, almost the entire southeast plate boundary ruptured in a 1600-km-long magnitude 9.2 earthquake, creating giant tsunamis that struck the Indian ocean shores and killed more than 300,000 people, raising the fatality count of the three twenty-first century Indian earthquakes far above the total of all historical events. 92.60.224.56. The earthquake occurred in the border between the Pakistan-controlled Kashmir and the Indian-controlled Kasmir, near the cities of Muzaffarabad and Balakot. 1). ... Special report Oct 13th 2005 edition. The Kashmir earthquake (8th October 2005) was the most devastating natural hazard, in the history of Pakistan, killing about 90,000 people, leaving millions homeless, and causing economic loss of about 5 billion US$ (ADB and WB, 2005). The Kashmir earthquake is associated with the great plate boundary region as shown in Figure 1, where the Indian Plate is subducting under the Asian Plate. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1036/1097-8542.YB080690. These earthquakes occurred in a specific tectonic context of the Indian plate, although powered by the same process—its approximately 2 m per century north-eastward penetration into the Tibetan plate whose elevation and bulk is sustained by the dynamics of the collision process. Recognized as an award-winning gateway to scientific knowledge, AccessScience is an amazing online resource that contains high-quality reference material written specifically for students. Geologists call this event a surface rupture. Copyright © McGraw-Hill Global Education Holdings, LLC. The October 8, 2005, M 7.6 Pakistan earthquake occurred as the result of shallow reverse faulting near the convergent boundary between the India and Eurasia plates. Its geological movement was north at a speed of five centimetres a year - a millimetre per week. of causing great earthquakes. Much of the damage … The rupture crossed a road in Balakot, Pakistan, about 20 kilometers (12 miles) north of Muzaffarabad. 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